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Lisboa, Portugal
Nasci no dia 11 de Junho de 1964 na cidade da Beira, MOÇAMBIQUE.

A Estação dos CFM, Beira

A Estação dos CFM, Beira
Ex-libris da cidade, 1966

The Euro, as a single currency, should be abolished

Another black and white motion statement leaving me no option but to choose No.
While I agree to the first part I am not prepared to contemplate the idea that the Euro should get abolished.
Abolished? Then what?
All 17 countries now sharing the single currency would revert back to their old monies?
Or a new version of yesteryear's currencies?

Simplistic as I made it out to be packed in a few odd questions, every single serious economic, financial and social consequence is inextricably wrapped up within each.
That is where the stakes are high enough to ensure that the Euro is given a new lease on life.
It calls for closer European integration.
What form and shape this will take is for policymakers and far-sighted politicians to grasp and propose.

It would seem to me that the Euro has many underlying strengths but will not - contrary to the founder's beliefs - assure convergence between all the economies it services. How could it?
The divide has been felt acutely lately (1-2 years) the logical consequence of relevant economic under-performance among member-countries.

There has obviously got to be a political solution rooted in realistic economic fundamentals.
The road traveled so far proved artificially smooth during the first 10 years I dare say but unsurprisingly very bumpy in the last 1-2.
It could not have been otherwise given the structural differences setting these countries apart. And excessive spending pursued mostly by a few Southern European States who could not see beyond the present.
Adherence to the Maastricht criteria never again seemed to be taken seriously once countries landed themselves inside the Euro club. Not to mention Greece that never fulfilled the criteria in the first place or ever bothered to balance its books.

Very disappointing to admit but the Euro Zone is indeed right in the middle of a storm testing its main crews to the limit.
The latest summit decisions seem to indicate that where there is a will there is a way.
It may have just been one first small step in the right direction.

The specifics are very hard to work on.
Yet it would seem to me that the 17-member Euro Zone and the larger EU can hardly afford shooting down the Euro.
The broader picture needs to come into full view.
An hypothetical demise of the single currency would deal another severe blow to Europe's economic fortunes.
Its relative decline vis-a-vis the rest of the world would get a further boost.

I do not like misplaced calls for solidarity from Southerners but would rather see the stronger half of the dividing line realize where their medium-to-long interest lies.
To that end many balances across the Euro Zone need to be restored at the earliest.

Europe agrees a "shock and awe" bailout for Greece

A rescue package of epic proportions, epic challenges for the Greek government and people, epic uncertainties and epic stakes for the single-currency.

It was the Euro's defence that ultimately forced politicians from Germany to Malta to perform a hard balancing act whose overall success is far from assured.Each finance minister has enough reasons to fret and grumble about.It being the Euro as a common currency, because of Greece despite Greece.
Up to now every 'least damaging' approach failed miserably to cool down the financial markets that remained as unimpressed as ever throughout.
For its part Greece is effectively the main winner in this high-finance gamble.The country bought time the markets were not willing to give it once confidence vanished.Precious time desperately needed to restore credibility and good governance at home.
A daunting internal fix with daunting external implications.
Three full years is what the government and Greek society top-down and bottom-up now have to set the record straight in so many ways.
Literally and figuratively.

For the other 15 Eurozone countries - each facing own troubles to varying degrees - keeping fingers crossed would be mild to describe the monitoring of Greece's performance over the coming 36 months.Potentially they are all losers, starting out by losing simply to avoid bigger losses!
There are so many relevant questions that might be asked to which full answers ought to be provided.
They won't get asked or get answered.
Tellingly, each and every single one of them would now seem rhetorical or at best an exercise for academia.



The spectre that haunts Europe

I am still hopeful that Greece will not require a bail-out in whatever form pinning my hopes on the PM's own words.

He did sound very bold and brave in the face of such overwhelming odds but until a deal is actually in place I would rather believe the Greeks can and will take care of themselves.

My stance is wholly based not on immediate needs triggered by the Western financial meltdown that led to the economic downturn.This in turn led to a collapse in tax revenues across countries caused by economies shrinking badly.

To a large extent Greece is indeed a one-off case-study for the worst reasons, its latest fiscal deficit the sum total of profligate spending, widespread cultural-rooted tax evasion, underbudgeting, creative accounting, weak notion of public service and duty, etc - all conspiring over decades to bring the country to the brink of bankruptcy.

I am sure many Greeks will have seen it coming and warned their governments in years past.To no avail as even the present government was elected as recently as late 2009 on a platform to increase spending.

According to EMU rules public finances were clearly to remain national responsibilities.A considerable chunk of sovereignty for States to manage through their democratically-elected governments of the day.
Would the Greeks have liked their Finance Ministry to be ruled or dictated to from Brussels or Frankfurt just so the Maastricht-agreed criteria could not have been so despondently ignored?


Current turmoil is the Euro's hardest test ever but one that will also represent a defining moment in the single-currency's future.

It is a fact that Southern European countries are faced with similar issues though not on the same scale and urgency.Others in Northern Europe, the US and Japan also recorded their biggest fiscal deficits and added up noticeably to their debts in 2009.
Each one has its own track-record, however.
This is exactly what sets Greece apart from the rest.
Each country is unique in its own way, there being obviously overlapping between them.

International rating agencies must make the effort to closely monitor and register those differences and then advise financial markets.

After all it is sovereign countries and sovereign debt one is dealing with.

There is much more at stake than strictly soulless bundling of nations.







Arquivo do blogue

sábado, 17 de dezembro de 2011

TEc - A comedy of Euros


I'm beginning to wonder whether there's any use left for Summits that don't deliver on fundamentals.
Or whether there is anything at all politicians can do to right wrongs especially when up against those-by-now infamous financial markets and rating agencies.
Setting aside rhetorical questions that keep nagging nevertheless, the latest Summit fell far short of expectations raised to make or break status. What next?
Pace of events will continue to be determined by the bond-market/s. Politicians have been cast to the sidelines merely reacting after the fact.
Germany's Angela Merkel is again a winner in that her long adopted step-by-step approach remains firmly in place.
We move into 2012 not knowing if the Euro can endure much longer under current assumptions and self-imposed strictures by the relevant institutions underpinning it.
If only I could spot a ray of hope besides believing (wishfully?) most leaders are fully aware of where the stakes are should the Euro fail.
Every nation in the EU - and further afield - will be a loser the difference being the size and permanence of the loss.
But also if hard-pressed financially-strapped countries fail to resume sound economic growth.

quinta-feira, 8 de dezembro de 2011

TEc - Double your income


The two charts confirm a faster pace of income growth taking place in the two demographic superpowers of the world.
The real name of the game is: catching-up.
Which is exactly what China and India aimed for and are achieving to different levels of success.
Narrowing the wide wealth gap between rich and poor nations is about economic growth rates being bearish in mature markets while remaining bullish in less developed ones over many decades.
If current trends stick a new world order is dawning.
What has been seen so far is only a foretaste.

quinta-feira, 1 de dezembro de 2011

TEc - Into the storm - Britain's economy


Britain's case is every bit as important as the Eurozone's for reasons stretching well beyond current woes affecting the latter.
The United Kingdom is one of the long-established nations of the industrialised world.
It chose to retain its own currency as well as every other tool to manage the economy sovereignly.
Evidence shows, however, that it is hardly in any better shape than most other highly indebted countries of the developed world, large or small.
Why?
Unless that single one-word question is correctly addressed there can be no proper resolution to the daunting challenges facing the UK economy.
It must also be said that this is despite financial markets still eyeing the UK with extreme favour.
How else can Britain's low borrowing costs be seen when set against its macro figures and real growth prospects?
Each country is one of a kind presenting clearly an individual track-record, present strengths and weaknesses and future prospects.
Close analysis quickly offers multiple data to back up relevant differences.
It would seem that the Chancellor of the Exchequer did not have an option other than to cut back on runaway spending. Where he failed was that overconfidence that his policies would spur growth quicker.
But how can that come about when recent past growth was owed mainly to overblown banking and financial services, excessive public and private spending adding up to those towering debts?
Like the so-called periphery the UK also embarked on a limitless spending spree. In fact the country's fiscal deficit and debt-to-GDP ratio combined or independently, is worse than most in Southern Europe, Greece the odd exception.
Furthermore, total debt - public + corporate + household - is by far among the highest, Ireland the odd exception here.
Then there is the powerful argument of growth potential, a meaningful one doubless. Used by market analysts to severely punish Southern countries but what truly will drive British growth in the future?
Having already been revised downwards through 2014 one wonders why financial markets remain so benevolent towards the UK while battering others including Germany lately.
There must be a one and only explanation: the Bank of England.
As long as the institution remains rock-solid in place as the government's lender of last resort markets and investors may stay calm almost irrespective of the debt pile's height?
George Osborne's efforts are therefore right in the sense that throwing debt on top of debt is unsustainable by definition.
It has got to stop at some point in time.
In the UK's case that point was reached years ago.
So too in most countries who overspent as nearly the only means to cause the economy to grow.
A very difficult balancing act now faces governments in the US and many in Western Europe.
In the immediate reining in public finances to rational and sustainable levels is paramount.
The underlying issue much broader.
It is about industrial production and other wealth drivers that may sustain rich economies over time.
In this regard the UK is relatively ill-equipped unless more than a few embedded trendlines are quickly reversed.

segunda-feira, 28 de novembro de 2011

TEc - No land of giants - Britain's manufacturing


A brief overview of Britain's relative manufacturing demise spanning three decades also accompanied by sheer financial inebriation.
As the country's industrial heartlands were being ravaged by successive factory closures, the City in London bragged about its financial prowess. As if it could on its own lastingly represent a substitute for production of tangible goods.
I never could understand how a nation of solid manufacturing credentials dating back to the 18th century seemed wilfully contented - at the highest levels except for a few disgruntled voices - with its new-found role as one of the world's financial hubs.
Not the sophistication and volume of financial services - Britain was always known for them - but its increasingly unchallenged dominance as if the rest of the economy could simply be sidelined irreversibly condemned to decline.
After all if China and other low cost producers would happily become manufacturing powerhouses why not surrender without a fight to overwhelming evidence of economic sense(?).
Most of those who made decisions over the years will have thought no further than immediate profit, cost and scale while politicians patted on their backs unaware of far-reaching looming consequences.
The UK's economy's weakness is now fully exposed.
Facing an appalling trade deficit and insufficient yearly revenue from the mighty Services the country's current account balance threatens to remain permanently in the red. That means seeking external finance to fill the gap adding to the already massive public and private debt pile.
How short-sighted it was not to have sought the commitment from Britain's top businesses to continue to mass-produce at home first and foremost.
If the economic model has not not fundamentally changed from the 80's - consumption of durables is still key - will it ever be less than relevant where goods are actually made?
Giant or no giant companies the UK needs to reinvent itself tracing back to its industrial roots what truly put Great before Britain.
Rebalancing the UK economy is the only way to address structural imbalances reflected in the macro facts and figures that have now become ingrained in the British set-up.
It takes time, investment, policy and a vision for the country in the years ahead.

quarta-feira, 23 de novembro de 2011

TEc - Latitude - North and South in the EU


The charts do back the text and deliver a quick snapshot of the two groups should countries be so lumped into each group.
It is questionable if this should be done as individual assessments clearly provide widely disparate initial and final standpoints.
Nonetheless, assuming there is financial, economic, cultural and climatic parenthood between countries as grouped then their performance is only a reflection of what was known all along. Right from the Euro's inception to this day. Only made worse.
Still, can an eminently industrial economy as Italy's - a longtime member of the G7 - be bagged with Greece?
That said, there is and there has always been a North-South divide of sorts in Europe. There is one worldwide too as indeed within most countries even.
The creation of the single currency was about achieving gradual economic convergence among diverse participating nations. Over a long timespan certainly.
On balance it may now be said that the opposite came true.
The most disturbing chart of all is on industrial production - wealth-driver, showing a 15% drop in the South compared to a near 10% rise in the North over 10 years.
If the Euro is to succeed and survive through another decade countries north and south of the divide have to strive harder for sound economic growth.

terça-feira, 22 de novembro de 2011

TEc - Dance of the giants - USA & China


The theater may be South-East Asia, the body of water the South China Sea.
The hard evidence however is that America is increasingly turning its attention to the Asia-Pacific region. Rightly so.
The reasons are plain for everyone to grasp ranging from economic interdependence between the US and China to the net worth of each of the countries brimming with self-confidence and robust economic growth.
On the downside, self-inflicted relative irrelevance is increasingly growing out from Europe now compounded and fully absorbed by the Euro crisis. Complex as it is, Eurozone troubles underpin a general malaise felt across Europe only just sparing a few nations.
These have buckled multiple trends witnessed in most countries and could indicate that Europe is not irreversibly past its prime.
But for now positive action is taking place in South Asia, South-East Asia and Asia-Pacific, Central and South America, Africa and the Middle-East.
America's leadership has long sensed that.
It is highly significant that the US should try to reassure traditional friends in the Asia-Pacific region ahead of a fast emerging China.
China for its part - judging by some of its most outspoken mouthpieces - may sound bullish beyond what might reasonably be expected of a rising major country.
A country that has long yearned to re-take its rightful place in the world.
In this game of power and influence both the US and China will only do so much.
Most individual countries in the region continue to boom and will, for the better part, seek to accommodate both giants furthering their own national interest first and foremost.
Dance they may - China and the US - but the tunes will have to cater for local listening tastes - from Taiwan to Australia - too.

sexta-feira, 18 de novembro de 2011

TEc - Mapping migration - China's and India's diasporas


If anything these figures tell us that the world's two most populous nations have comparatively small diasporas.
Migration from these two potentially major points of origin has taken place in waves that match specific historical contexts.
Latter outflows have seen Indians flock to the Middle East in relatively large numbers mainly as temporary economic migration. This is totally unlike longtime settlers full-fledged citizens of ethnic Indian origin in places as far apart as Mauritius, South Africa or Trinidad and Tobago to mention but a few. The same goes to citizens of Chinese origin scattered around every country in South-East Asia.
Can many among these many millions appropriately be referred to as part of the diaspora?